Johnston, McClellan advanced cautiously, taking nearly a month to capture the Confederate defensive works near Yorktown and an additional month to march westward and arrive just outside Richmond. Convinced that he was outnumbered by the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by General Joseph E. McClellan, was transported to Fort Monroe in April to begin an offensive against Richmond, Virginia. In the Eastern Theater, the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major General George B. Confederate forces defended the capital of Richmond, Virginia, from Union assaults, and then launched counter–offensives into Kentucky and Maryland, both of which end in Union victories. During the summer and early spring of the year, Union forces gained several successes over the Confederacy, seizing control of Missouri, northern Arkansas, Kentucky, and western Tennessee, along with several coastal areas. The following is a list of engagements that took place in 1862 during the American Civil War.
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